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Fertility Conditions
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  • Operating Hours

    Mondays to Fridays: 8am to 5pm
    Saturdays: 8am to 1pm
    Sundays and Public Holidays: CLOSED

  • KL Fertility Centre

    LG Lot 23A, 25, 26, 27 & 30 DC MALL,
    No 6 Jalan Damanlela, Bukit Damansara,
    50490 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

    TELEPHONE
    +603 2780 4288

    FAX
    +603 2780 4299

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    Male Infertility Investigation

    Noticing Unusual Symptoms?
    One Test can Lead to Answers and Better Fertility Outcomes

    Illustration for MIP Investigation

    A structured investigation helps identify factors that may affect male fertility and guide appropriate treatment.

    • Semen analysis (Sperm Test)

      The basic male infertility investigation is a sperm test. The test is done after an abstinence period (no ejaculation) of about 3-5 days. 

      In a well equipped andrology laboratory, there are 3 basic parameters that are of concern. These parameters are reported according to World Health Organisation (WHO) standards. 

      • Sperm Count
        A normal sperm count is at least 15 million sperm per millilitre (15 × 106/mL) or a total of 39 million per ejaculate. Lower counts (known as oligospermia) may indicate fertility issues which may or may not be reversible.

      • Motility
        This parameter looks at the movement of the sperm. At least 40% of the sperms should be moving. The movements are further graded according to how fast it moves and direction of the sperm movements.

      • Morphology
        This parameter looks at how normal a physical shape of a sperm looks like. This is done under high powered microscope. At least 4% (you read it correctly!) of the sperms should be normal-looking to be considered “ normal ”.

      Based on the sperm test, male fertility can be classified as:

      • Normospermia : Normal test results
      • Oligozoospermia : Low sperm concentration
      • Azoospermia : Absence of sperm
      • Asthenozoospermia : Low motility
      • Teratozoospermia : Low in normal morphology
      • Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT) : Combined fertility condition where there is low sperm count, poor sperm motility, and abnormal sperm morphology.

    • Hormonal Test

      Blood tests may be conducted to check hormone levels that support sperm production. These commonly include measurements of:

      • Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
      • Luteinising hormone (LH)
      • Testosterone

    • Imaging Test

      In selected cases, imaging such as a scrotal ultrasound may be recommended to examine the testicles and surrounding structures. This can help identify physical conditions that may affect fertility.

    • Diagnostic Surgical Procedures

      For certain conditions, additional procedures such as sperm mapping or diagnostic testicular sperm extraction (TESA) may be used.

      The findings from these investigations allow the fertility specialist to determine whether there are barriers to sperm production, quality, or delivery and to recommend appropriate management. This may include further evaluation, lifestyle guidance, medical therapy, or procedures in more complex cases.

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